International Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Universal Business Strategy - Essay Example While cell phone brands are separated somewhat, dominant part of different cell phones that fall in a similar value go have comparative capacities (Ogunsanwo, 2013: p54). This makes the danger of substitute items high. Moreover, presently customers can utilize outsider applications and web based calls. The quantity of substitute items makes it simpler for shoppers to move to another item and get comparable advantages. Convergence of cell phone clients is low, guaranteeing that they don't have a lot of impact over cell phone costs, which, thusly, makes the purchasing intensity of shoppers low. Be that as it may, some adversary makers like Apple have impacts that stretch out to their channels of dispersion (Ogunsanwo, 2013: p55). This danger is scaled down to some degree since buyers can purchase from other cell phone producers in any event, when they don't really give them better costs or motivating forces. The high number of substitute items gives cell phone providers less influence over them in light of substitute rivalry. This expanded rivalry positively affects the cell phone producers (Ogunsanwo, 2013: p56). Furthermore, the expanded rivalry among the providers prompts a decrease in cost. At last, provider dealing power is decreased by the comparability of info items. At last, cell phone producers are not under danger with regards to match participants since the cell phone showcase is hard to enter. Adversary participants require restrictive information, just as many patent necessities that keep on entangling even the set up cell phone makers like BlackBerry (Ogunsanwo, 2013: p56). The new participants will likewise need brand power that is basic to deals. Vital Analysis of BlackBerry Shareholder Value: Earnings per Share Year August 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 BlackBerry - 0.60 - 0.60 4.20 6.34 4.37 3.43 2.26 Samsung 18.85 15.79 15.02 8.07 10.99 6.89 3.68 Apple 8.26 11.13 8.75 7.03 4.64 4.10 3.60 (BarChart, 2013: p1) From the above figures, it appears th at the EPS for BlackBerry has diminished reliably from 2010 to the present, showing that their gaining power is diminishing. This has been in sharp difference to Samsung and Apple who’s EPS is rising reliably. Samsung’s profit per share are moderately higher than for both Apple and BlackBerry, showing that, among the three significant cell phone producers, Samsung’s acquiring power is expanding for the most part because of assembling the most new models of cell phones, just as its progressively assorted gadgets go. Value/Earnings Year August 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 BlackBerry 0.00 - 17.85 7.24 9.38 15.34 26.24 0.00 Samsung 7.453 10.39 9.10 8.60 16.10 23.3 8.8 Apple 13.12 11.16 14.61 15.35 21.63 31.73 26.39 (BarChart, 2013: p1) The P/E pattern for BlackBerry and other cell phone industry players has been falling since 2009 in view of the monetary emergency. The current P/E proportion level for BlackBerry shows that it is exceptionally simple to purchase rig ht now dissimilar to Apple and BlackBerry who have generally high P/E proportions, making them increasingly hard to purchase. Be that as it may, there is a variance of the proportions for both Apple and Samsung, which despite everything appear to feel the impacts of the money related emergency in 2008/2009 too. Be that as it may, it appears BlackBerry couldn't turn its decrease around in all probability since they neglected to present any new brands in the period following the emergency. Long

Candide By Voltaire Essays (1407 words) - Picaresque Novels

Candide By Voltaire Voltaire's Candide is a novel which contains reasonable thoughts and at the equivalent time is likewise overstated. Voltaire offers miserable subjects camouflaged by jokes and witticism, and the story itself presents a particular point of view. The vital complexity in the story manages unreasonable thoughts as educated to Candide about being hopeful, versus reality as saw by the remainder of the world. The fundamental topic which is introduced all through the novel is confidence. Out of each heartbreaking circumstance in the story, Candide, the principle character, has been prompted by his thinker educator that everything on the planet occurs for the better, since Private disasters add to the general great, so that the more private mishaps there are, the more we locate that everything is well (Voltaire, p. 31). Pangloss, the rationalist, attempts to shield his speculations by deciding the positive from the negative circumstances and by appearing that mishaps bring a few benefits. As Candide grows up, at whatever point something grievous occurs, Pangloss would turn the circumstance around, drawing out the great in it. Candide discovers that idealism is The enthusiasm for keeping up that everything is correct when all turns out badly (Voltaire, p.86). As indicated by Rene Pomeau, Voltaire-Candide...have made him [Candide] familiar with the terrible furthermore, the great side of human presence. The lesson of Candide is resulting from its style; it is the craft of removing bliss from the barren bouncing about of the human creepy crawly (Adams; Pomeau p.137). Pomeau clarifies that Candide appears the two sides of mankind; how both extraordinary and awful occasions are standard in a human life. Likewise as per Pomeau, the general purpose of the story is to discuss among great and awful; for instance, as Candide turns out to be progressively autonomous, he begins to question that solitary great comes out of life. Pangloss is an exceptionally confident character in the story since he won't acknowledge awful. He is likewise to some degree credulous and accepts that he could improve the world a spot by spreading his speculations on positive thinking. When Candide had gotten together with Pangloss after an extensive stretch of time, Pangloss said that he was nearly hanged, at that point dismembered, at that point beaten. Candide inquired as to whether he despite everything felt that everything was for the better, and Pangloss answered that he despite everything held his unique perspectives. Regardless how little Pangloss put stock in the way that by one way or another everything would turn out all things considered, he despite everything kept up his unique perspectives. Voltaire misrepresents his point on hopefulness; there is no one in actuality who is sure about everything all the time, particularly about something so appalling. One could reason that Pangloss is a silly and foolish figure, and Voltaire attempts to uncover how immeasurable his convictions are which don't match reality. Concurring to Linguet, Candide offers us the saddest of topics masked under the merriest of jokes (Adams; Wade p. 144). It appears as though Candide was composed as a parody; not on account of funniness, but since each time something terrible happens, a brisk unforeseen development happens which take everything back to typical. One second Candide murders the sibling of the lady he adores, the following second he goes to a land where he sees ladies mating with monkeys. In examples like these, it doesn't appear as though Voltaire is not kidding about appalling occasions. Over the span of Candide's excursion, a quake strikes, killing thirty thousand men, ladies, furthermore, kids. In all actuality, this is a shocking difficulty to be associated with. In Pangloss' reality, It is unthinkable for things not to be the place they are, since everything is generally advantageous (Voltaire, p. 35), implying that the quake was fundamental over the span of nature, thus there was unquestionably a reason for the circumstance. To show differentiate in the story, Voltaire presents a character whose convictions are totally different than the convictions of Pangloss. This character is Martin, a companion and counselor of Candide who he meets on his venture. Martin is additionally a researcher, and a representative for negativity. Martin consistently attempts to demonstrate to Candide that there is little ethicalness, profound quality, furthermore, joy on the planet. At the point when a sprightly couple are seen strolling and singing, Candide tells Martin At any rate you should concede that these individuals are glad. Up to this point, I have not found in the entire possessed earth...anything yet hopeless individuals. Be that as it may, this young lady and this priest, I'd be happy to wager, are very glad animals (Voltaire, p. 58). I'll wager they aren't (Voltaire p. 58), answers Martin, and he wagers Candide that the couple are, in certainty, discouraged, and

Body Image Portrayed by the Media Essay -- essays research papers

Using symbolism, the showcase of ways of life, and the support of qualities, commercials are communicators of socially characterized ideas, for example, achievement, worth, love, sexuality, prevalence, and regularity. Of specific worry in the course of recent decades has been over the top utilization of sexual generalizations, particularly of ladies. Ladies are legitimately influenced by this publicizing, past the insignificant want to buy the item or administration portrayed. The impact of the media on individuals is colossal, and the impact of notices that immediate pictures of magnificence, and the ideal thin figure harmfully affect a lot of the total populace, particularly ladies. The media has depicted the â€Å"perfect body image† so effectively, that women’s mental self portrait, confidence and even their wellbeing is influenced. Taking a gander at the media, it’s practically difficult to overlook the numerous pictures of slender, excellent ladies. In nume rous women’s magazines, about each other page is secured with an ad that shows an individual with the â€Å"ideal body†, a thin figure, an upbeat face, and stylish or chic garments. A large portion of the ads in magazines attempt to introduce models as practical portrayals for customers, especially ladies, to look at themselves. In addition to the fact that magazines try to depict the â€Å"perfect image,† TV notices attempt to accomplish this portrayal of the ideal body. Transmissions occasions and shows like â€Å"Miss America,† and â€Å"Baywatch† that speak to unreasonable body types for standard ladies. To achieve the objective of seeming as though the models being shown everywhere throughout the media, ladies think they have to eat less. On the off chance that it was eating less junk food only for the reality of causing ladies to feel better, it would be OK, yet the reason for a great many people is extraordinary. At the point when ladies con trast themselves with models and pictures of individuals in promotions, they accept the main way they will get saw is in the event that they likewise show up the in a similar picture of the models. To accomplish this objective, they start to starve themselves. They begin to accept that by eating anything at all they will get fat and the most significant thing to them isn't to be fat. It turns into an impulse to turn out to be slim and a few ladies will successfully arrive. Ladies need to understand that what the media shows as the â€Å"perfect body† and what truly is the solid body are two unique things. Regardless of whether a lady gets d... ...haracters in the show are the â€Å"fat terrible person and fat appalling lady† who live over the road and are objects of consistent scorn. The equivalent can be said for all intents and purposes all standard shows on TV. It is a consistent torrent of wonderful individuals that are presented to watchers. Tragically, it is turning out to be acknowledged that society ought to in reality look like TV on-screen characters. There is basically nobody in this medium saying that it is alright to act naturally, to look how ladies need to look and feel great simultaneously. What society must do is tell the excellence business, tell the magazines, and mention to Hollywood that what they are doing isn't adequate. The picture they depict is ridiculous, unfortunate, and untrustworthy. Nonetheless, it is impossible that the excellence business will release its hold on the psyches of ladies and make a decent attempt to make them think they are terrible. That would obviously hurt deals and cause them to make just millions rather than billions of dollars. It is additionally unlikely that Hollywood will defy maybe its solitary norm, since that also would upset the main concern. Along these lines, for the present in any case, we are a general public being advised what to look like, and attempting to satisfy a unimaginable norm.

Principles of real estate Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Standards of land - Research Paper Example As a realtor working in Memphis for as long as fourteen years, I have carefully made qualification among property and authoritative rights. I have done by guaranteeing that there is a reasonable qualification between property rights that somebody has over things enforceable against others and authoritative rights that are enforceable against a particular or specific individual. In certain occasions, I will appropriately comprehend that property rights may originate from contract (Thomas, 1996). According to land, for example, I need to distinguish two arrangements of legitimate connections to win close by each other in that there is the property option to be practiced over the rent of the domain and legally binding option to sue over removals. As such, I have had the option to work proficiently without entanglements in that I know my zones of purview as a realtor and in a situation to deal with any projection that may emerge. Standard of property ownership From my multi year experi ence, I comprehend that property is generally seen as being secured by household or nearby sway. This is on the grounds that possession on its part doesn't really compare with the issue of sway in such a case that proprietorship offered preeminent force or authority, it won't be proprietorship yet power. I need to do this because of the way that; property possession rights originate from social show while others originate from clarification from normal law or ethical quality. This thus placed me in a decent situation since I know there is a domain of uncertain duration.â

Thrre Things Wrong with the World :: social issues

Thrre Things Wrong with the World The principal thing I would need to state that isn't right with the world is certainly the medication issue. That is to say, it appears that a large portion of the war, starvation, and sickness that are spinning out of control through our lives are at first from drugs. For example, you get a hit of wrench from a companion who utilized the needle on herself and then WHAM, you have AIDS and never at any point realized it could occur. Another model would be the wars. In Cuba, there are tranquilize wars going on now that incidentally have made numerous individuals bite the dust, be left destitute, or even without food or water. Thus, that would be my first and preeminent thought on what's going on with the present reality. The following thing on my rundown would need to be AIDS itself. Generally, this is a major issue in light of the fact that there is no fix and numerous individuals get this ailment consistently. Truly, it isn’t constantly shrunk by a needle, yet different ways, for example, intercourse without security, are compelling in getting this sickness also. The main genuine approach to forestall this illness would need to be never to share a needle (if you’re accomplishing something moronic enough as taking medications in any case), and never have intercourse. That would need to be the main 100% path not to get this sickness, other than realizing your accomplice isn't HIV positive. That is the reason this illness is influencing such huge numbers of individuals. It’s on the grounds that they don’t understand that they can get it just by doing one of the previously mentioned exercises, just as some others I can’t consider. That, and numerous different reasons, is the reason AIDS is my number two in my rundown of three things. My last thing I accept that isn't right with the world would need to be our legislature. Indeed, I said it, OUR GOVERNMENT. It isn't as though I am Anti-American, I love my nation, however there must be a type of line between helping different countries and attempting to control different countries. I accept we have gone too far, yet have ventured to such an extreme as to cross a few progressively after it. Take the war on Iraq, for instance. At first, I was totally supportive of disposing of Saddam Hussein and helping the Iraqi individuals become free and autonomous. Be that as it may, presently as I consider it more and more, I wonder why we're are still over yonder battling and murdering those individuals in the event that they state that we have ridded ourselves of that irritation as of now?

Australian Tourism Policy and Planning Essay - 3025 Words

Tracking the Concept of Sustainability in Australian Tourism Policy and Planning (Essay Sample) Content: Tracking the Concept of Sustainability in Australian Tourism Policy and PlanningNameClassProfessorInstitutionCityStateDateTable of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 1.1 Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc415231695 \h 32.1 Introduction PAGEREF _Toc415231696 \h 33.1 Concept of Sustainability PAGEREF _Toc415231697 \h 43.2 Two general Conceptions of Sustainability PAGEREF _Toc415231698 \h 43.2.0 Weak Sustainability PAGEREF _Toc415231699 \h 43.2.1 Strong Sustainability PAGEREF _Toc415231700 \h 54.1 Overview of Sustainable Tourism PAGEREF _Toc415231701 \h 64.1.0 Challenges in Implementation of Sustainability PAGEREF _Toc415231702 \h 85.1 Sustainable Tourism in Australia PAGEREF _Toc415231703 \h 85.1.2 Case Study: Tracking the Concept of Sustainability in Australian Tourism Policy and Planning Documents PAGEREF _Toc415231704 \h 96.1 Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc415231705 \h 117.1 Recommendations PAGEREF _Toc415231706 \h 128.1 References PAGEREF _Toc415231707 \h 141.1 Executive SummaryThis report attempts to track down the concept of sustainability in Australian tourism policy and planning. The Australian government have integrated the concepts of sustainability and sustainable tourism principles into the tourism industry policy and planning, and this is mostly important. Even though the Australian Government have used sustainability in terms of policy and planning use, at a national level as well as state level, it has been heavily criticized for its economic and marketing focus when it comes to the policy of tourism that has been at the expense of social and environmental considerations. This reported has been organized into eight parts, and it has been appropriately numbered throughout the document. The methodology that was used is reviewing of secondary sources, and it has been referenced appropriately.2.1 IntroductionUnexpected and rapid change has become a modern society norm. However, the world has become a steadily volatile place with water shortages, health epidemics, terrorism, changing consumption patterns,economic crises, increasing fuel prices, food and global warming confronting most countries (Sterman, 2012). The impact combination of such factors has reignited focusing of sustainable development as a continuing problem for governments and businesses in general, and for tourism specifically. It has been argued that the tourism sector is required to be prepared to address current and forthcoming problems in order to maintain the viability of the industry and the resources upon that it is depending; and therefore, there is a need for proactive strategic planning and decision-making by governments, businesses and any other stakeholders to increase opportunities, reduce adverse impacts as well as maintaining competitive merits.Furthermore, Sharpley (2000) argued that the sustainable tourism principles are accepted in general, but the function of tourism remains justified by the economic development objectives. Recently, Sharpley (200 9) stressed that the discourse of sustainable tourism has been all going around in circles without a breakthrough and little use in the sector, suggesting a need to go beyond sustainable tourism so that tourism development can progress. However, it is still apparent that the rising focus on the climate change, environment, and sustainable development has led to wider planning perspectives for tourism worldwide, overcoming previous fixations with marketing growth and economic strategies (Kozak Baloglu, 2010). Such a shift toward a sustainable development platform is representing a major step forward for the tourism sector. Therefore, in this context, the focus of this report is to track how the concept of sustainability has infiltrated and evolved in Australian tourism planning and policy.3.1 Concept of SustainabilitySustainable development can be defined as a kind of development that is meeting the needs and desires of todays generation without compromising the ability of generatio ns in future meeting their needs. However, these term is somehow general and broad definition: for instance it does not specify the future as well as current needs. Therefore, as same as with the growth concept, there are diverse definitions of what is sustainability and there would always be diverse views and opinions on what values need to be attached to landscapes, biodiversity, habitats.The Brundtland aligned social sustainability as a necessary element. This is also the reason for it being so positive towards economic growth, as the case is: what is required now is a brand period of economic growth, a growth that is stronger as well as environmentally and socially stable. It is significant to bear in mind that sustainability is not a definitive concept. It implies that there would always be conscious or unconscious political position in relation to the choice of development in production and environment. In general, it is significant to differentiate between two sustainability concepts, the "weak" and "strong" sustainability.3.2 Two general Conceptions of SustainabilityThese can be characterized briefly as follows:3.2.0 Weak SustainabilityDepleting resources, species' extinction, breaking down of the ecosystems can be compensated for if it took place in a process that is supporting opportunities for continuing maintenance or even expanding the economic opportunities. Additionally, nature, in this respect, is a form of capital that can be substituted with other forms of capital. However, development can be termed to be sustainable so long as it does not cause harm to the prospects of the continued attainment of the economic necessity.3.2.1 Strong SustainabilityThis view point lays emphasis on development not leading to irretrievable loss of resources. Plants and animal species, raw materials and ecosystems have a value in themselves and not just as input in the economic process. Many of the indicators for development that have been suggested as alternativ es or even supplements to the Gross Domestic Products (GDP) concept can be classified according to these two sustainability perspectives. These two perspectives lead to potentially fundamentally different views of the given pattern of development. Their weigh is different among the ecology and economy and, therefore, also provides vast, diverse policy recommendations.They are, however, not always conflicting with each other. In Danish environmental policy, a good example of strong sustainability is the conservation legislation, while the weaker sustainability is a characteristic of all things ranging from the issuing of environmental permits for agriculture and businesses to permits for building houses and even to the new infrastructure construction. However, the discussion is just as very old as fundamental it is.It must be realized that there can be fundamental uncertainty about the consequences of the economic activities. It is always here that the main section of the debate is situated. The most recent example is the question of global climate, where there have been attempts to calculate future consequences of the present day emissions by ways of constructing bigger computer models of the worldwide climate that are regularly upgraded with data from for example air as well as sea temperatures, inland ice drilling in Greenland and with subsystems such as feedback effects from clouds, the sea and melt of tundra. The prognoses would, thus, also keep on being reviewed on a regular basis.In the light of these uncertainties, the proponents of strong sustainability will presumably refer to the precautionary principle. Perhaps, sustainable development is not in a harmony field state, but instead a process of change in which the orientation of technological development, the direction of investments, resource exploitation, and change in institution are made consistently with present and future needs as well as.4.1 Overview of Sustainable TourismA sustainable tourism is defined as a multidisciplinary field of study, diverse perspectives have been proposed, that has led to lacking of consensus that surrounds the definition, the theoretical underpinnings and the concept implementation (Sharpley, 2009). However, this debate has arguably advanced theoretical understanding of the subject of sustainable tourism; it has rarely been perceived as relevant to practitioners. It has been argued that there existed gaps between the idealism of sustainable tourism as it is conceptualised by academics and the reality of adopting it as a tourism development paradigm of practical use for the tourism sector.Sustainable tourism is useful in guiding all the resources management in a way such that social, economic, and aesthetic requirements can be attained while maintaining biological diversity, cultural integrity, and important ecological processes (UN World Tourism Organisation, 2004). Moreover, tourism can be an effective and efficient tool for the management an d conservation of the most protected areas. Additionally, well-managed tourism has the potential of generating the political support and financial required in sustaining the protected areas values. It can as well raise understanding of reserves and their cultural values, environmental, and contribute to enriching tourism experiences.A classic example is, in Austalia, that every year about 1.4 million tourism visit Commonwealth terrestrial reserves in order for them to experience culture unique and natural landscapes to Australia. However, these tourist are providing significant support for the conservation of reserves through public support, advocacy recognition, and revenue. Nationally, the nature-based tourism sector is contributing close to $23 billion to the economy in Australia every year. In the year 2009, there were close to 3.3 million international nature tourist to Australia, representing 64 pe...

ACT Test Tips From An Expert

HomeCollege prepStandardized testsACT Test Tips From An ExpertThis page may contain affiliate links.Dec 20, 2019 At one time, the difference between the ACT and the SAT were more defined, however, those major differences, according to Melissa Hendrix, Expert Tutor at Noodle Pros, the are not as stark. There is no real competition between the two tests. Most schools accept the scores of both equally. When deciding which test to take, its really is up to your childs test-taking personality, and which exam he/she prefers. Trying them both as a barometer is a good strategy. Melissa joined us recently to provide a comprehensive overview of the ACT, and in addition, she suggested some awesome strategies that students can arm themselves with when approaching the test. Here’s what we discussed with Melissa (who’s got twenty-five years of ACT tutoring under her belt). What is Super Scoring? Your ACT score is an average of the scores of four sections: English, Math, Reading, and Science, and many students take the test multiple times in order to improve on each, if not all of those sections. Many colleges practice a policy of â€Å"super scoring,† where students can submit all their ACT test reports and the college will then consider the best score from each section and use those numbers to recalculate the total to form the highest possible composite score. Hint:Since the majority of schools now use the super scoring approach, it would be advisable to know your strengths and as Melissa says, â€Å"blow your strengths to the roof† the first time out. When the test is taken for a second (or third or fourth) time, the student can now focus on and aim to bring up the scores of the sections connected to the â€Å"weaker† subjects. What is the Difference Between the ACT and the SAT? Really understanding the differences between the two could help you decide which one would work better for you. The analogy that Melissa makes about the tests is that â€Å"they are both in the same language, but they’re in two different dialects.† Both test critical reading skills, grammar, and math, however, there is a difference in the way the math questions are phrased. The types of passages in the reading sections have nuanced differences as well. The two major differences: The ACT contains a Science section that is largely devoted to graphs and figures, while graphs and figures in the SAT (which does not have a separate Science section) can be found scattered throughout all sections. The SAT gives you more time per question than the ACT. An Overview of the Science Section of the ACT Nowhere is the fact that the test is easier than you think truer than in the Science portion. Despite popular opinion, however, this is more than â€Å"just a reading test.† You don’t really need to know the content, which draws from Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and the Earth Sciences, which includes Astronomy, but nevertheless, there are a handful (2 or 3) of basic outside knowledge questions on every test. For example: It’s advisable to know that frogs are amphibians and water boils at 212 degrees. Outside of that, everything you need to know in order to answer the questions is in the test. High-scoring students who consider themselves to be Science pros should not get ahead of themselves. Go with the simplicity of the questions and dont read into them too closely. There are also Compare Contrast questions, usually 6 or 7 passages. Hint: Melissa recommends not reading the text that accompanies figures unless you are unable to answer the questions without it. The most obvious answer on this portion is almost always the right one. An Overview of the ACT Math Section While the Math on the SAT has depth ( a narrower focus), but no breadth, the Math on the ACT has breadth, but no depth. There are always a few questions that are thrown in from higher levels of Algebra to align with the Common Core. Melissa’s recommendation: You need to know what you need to know and what you don’t need to know. Hint: If a Geometry question gives you a figure and the values are marked on it, don’t bother reading the question. The only information you really need is the very last sentence. Hint: In the Math section, the answers to the last 10 questions are almost always the first or last answer choices (A or F, E or K). So, if youre pressed for time, choose those answers and go for it! An Overview of the ACT Reading Section Slow readers will have a hard time on either test, and there is no one right strategy in the Reading section that will work for each student. One needs to be prepared to adapt to the test that is given. Before spending too much time reading entire passages, Melissa recommends going to the answers first: Line reference questions will tell you exactly where to go for your answers. (That’s why they’re called â€Å"Line Reference questions.†) She also suggests going through three passages (successfully) in 35 minutes and guessing consistently on the fourth passage. An ACT Timing Watch can also serve as a tremendous tool during the test. It is pre-programmed for the four subjects and does not beep like conventional watches. Should Students Take the ACT Cold? No. There is no reason to do that. Ideally, you should take 4 to 6 full-length ACT practice tests. The ACT website has a sample test for anyone who wants to try it. Here is the link. How to Prepare for The ACT? There will always be students who are â€Å"one and done,† but Melissa says, on average, students will take the test 2 to 4 times. The ACT has added a summer test (not in NY State) to its schedule, so even though it is not recommended, students can now take the test seven times. What she does recommend is backing up 6 to 8 weeks before the test date to give yourself a â€Å"good runway† on which to prepare. Students should check their schedules and choose test dates that will work with them. For example, if you play a fall sport like soccer, scheduling a test in the fall may not be a good idea. How Do You Score 33 On the ACT? It is possible to raise your score â€Å"a couple of points,† by practicing, but your student will have to practice in a different way. Remember the ACT score is an average of four scores. When aiming for a score of 33, the TOTAL number of points will be 130. So, if a student’s strong subjects are English and Math, and they score a 36 on each section, they will only need to score a 29 on the remaining two sections to earn themselves a 33. Easy, peasy! How Do You Score a 35 Or 36 On the ACT? The students for whom these top scores are within reach need to approach their studying not only like professional athletes, but more like elite athletes. That comes with lots of practice and going the extra mile. In Melissa’s opinion, that means possibly sacrificing some â€Å"fun† in order to get to that goal. Mapping out strategies that will be taken during the test can be helpful. Hint: Stop taking the test in the same way you take tests in school. Keep in mind that this is a multiple choice test, so look to the answers for your hints. Hint: WRITE THINGS DOWN! Your test booklet is not being graded, so you can mark it up to your heart’s delight. And refrain from doing calculations in your head. Locate the actual question in a word problem and separate it out; cross out answers you know are definitely wrong, and choose from amongst the remaining possibilities. Mark up the figures in the Science section. The more you use the pencil, the better you will do. â€Å"Melissa Hendrix’s Shortest ACT Prep Book† Chapter 1: Use the Answers Chapter 2: Use Your Pencils Chapter 3: It’s not as hard as you think it is; don’t keep looking for tricks Chapter 4: Know the Fundamentals You May Have Forgotten in Math Chapter 5: Practice, Practice, Practice: Use the 6-8 Week Practice Runway More Awesome Tips and Words Of Wisdom 1. A good time-saving strategy that Melissa suggests is to write your answers in the booklet as you go, and fill in the answer bubbles a page at a time. 2. If you’re running out of time: In the last 10 to 15 minutes of the test, jump to the shorter answers that are left, and bubble these in immediately as you go. 3. If you’re running out of time: Take a look at your answer sheet for the first 50 questions†¦if one particular letter is prominent, pick another one for the questions you have not gotten to. (Remember there is no penalty for answering incorrectly.) 4. Try to be five steps ahead of the questions and watch for clues. For example: if a passage refers to carpeting an entire room, you should know it’s about finding the area. 5. When you don’t know what to do, DO SOMETHING! (And that usually involves a pencil.) 6. There is no truth to the rumor that certain test months are â€Å"easier† than others. Watch the original video with Melissa here:

Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken - The Significance of...

The Significance of The Road Not Taken My father introduced me to The Road Not Taken when I was a young teenager because he figured that I was beginning a period of my life where I would be forced to make many important decisions, and he saw this poem as a source of guidance through those decisions. This poem carries truth and edification in its words. It forms a beautiful analogy of life and all its complications. After my father finished reciting the poem, I never gave a second thought that day to Robert Frost or his poetry. It was weeks, possibly months, before I resumed thought on The Road Not Taken. It was not until one year ago that I actually read it. Nevertheless, I did remember that poem, and no†¦show more content†¦This was achieved by looking at each path and deciding on the one that was grassy and wanted wear (8). In other words, the narrator didnt want to follow in anybody elses footsteps. He wanted to be independent, to be free from the influence or control of others. The author knew that the only w ay that he could do this was to break away from the mold that society had already made take the path that had not been worn, that was not subject to the grooves of the previous drifter. This decision is not to be taken lightly. For once it is set in motion; it cannot be disengaged, even though the intention may be to return someday and explore the option you first resisted. The author is aware of this but feels strongly that he is making the right decision. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. (16-20) In this stanza, a feeling of nostalgia is created or at least a foreshadowing of nostalgia, yet it is a sigh that he begins with. A sigh of relief or of regret, or is it simply a sigh of wonder? The title of this poem is The Road Not Taken. It is not referring to the life that he has chosen to lead but rather to the life he has chosen not to lead, and looking back he may wonder what would have happened had he taken the other path. Even so, that doesShow MoreRelatedLife Choices in Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken and Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening970 Words   |  4 Pages Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† both portray weighing of choices in life. The former is about youth and experiencing life and the latter is about old age, or more probably, an old spirit wearied by life. In both poems the speaker is in a critical situation where he has to choose between two paths in life. In â€Å"The Road Not taken† the speaker chooses the unconventional approach to the decision making process, thus showing his uniqueness and challengingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Road Not Taken 849 Words   |  4 Pageschoice will have to be made, and the outcome can sometimes be life-changing. When making a conscientious decision, one commits oneself to follow the right path. This fate presents itself in Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† poem, and is present in the poetic piece of Blanche Farley’s â€Å"The Lover Not Taken.† A large percentage of the s tanzas in each poem harmonize each other, and they both use similar words. For example, in the first stanza of each poem and be one traveler, long I stood (Frost)Read More The Importance of Each Decision in Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken945 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Each Decision in The Road Not Taken Two roads diverged in a wood, and I -- / I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference. Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken is a lyrical poem about the decisions that one must make in life. When a man approaches a fork in the road on which he is traveling, he must choose which path to take. The choice that he makes, as with any choices made in life, affects him in a way that has made all the difference . ThematicallyRead MoreEssay about Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken828 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Frosts The Road Not Taken Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† is a symbolic poem of the complications people must face in the course of their lives. Although it is not difficult to understand the meaning of the poem through it’s title, it is however hard to interpret what the author means when he describes the roads. Throughout the poem, the two roads appear similar at times and different at others. He uses free imagery to make his poem more complex for the audience. In the first stanzaRead MoreThe Road Not Taken, By Robert Frost1875 Words   |  8 PagesFriday, December 1 Robert Frost In 1994, a major poet exploded in his work. This new growing author named Robert Frost, was born on March 26, 1874 in San Francisco. Frost spent his first forty years as an unknown person. With a journalist as a father, he gained an early experience in the world of writing. His talented ability and life experiences led him to England and back to America which resulted in making a famous name for himself in the poetic field. Like in â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, his poems areRead MoreReflection on The Road Not Taken, by Robert Frost1472 Words   |  6 PagesPerhaps one of the most well-known poems in modern America is a work by Robert Frost, The Road Not Taken. This poem consists of four stanzas that depict the story of the narrator traveling through the woods early in the morning and coming upon a fork in the path, where he milled about for a while before deciding upon one of the two paths, wishing he could take both, but knowing otherwise, seeing himself telling of this experie nce in the future. Frost uses several literary devices in this brief accountRead MoreThe Road Not Taken Poetry Exp.983 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Explication: â€Å"The Road Not Taken† By Robert Frost The four time Pulitzer Prize winning poet, Robert Frost, is well known for his picturesque portrayal of rural lifestyle, focusing mainly on the New England region of the United States. â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, published in 1916 is one of his earliest written and most highly praised works. It is considered a masterpiece of American Literature and its content is frequently studied by high school and college students to this day. The poem isRead MoreThe Road Not Taken, by Robert Frost Essay729 Words   |  3 Pagespoem, â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, the author Robert Frost employs several different types of poetic methods throughout his poem. Such methods as symbolism, imaginary, connotation, and tone are uniquely utilized to express the overall theme of the poem. These methods make this poem emotional and complex. In addition, the author is actually focusing on himself. The title â€Å"The Road Not Taken† is emphasizing the word â€Å"Not† more so than the other words. The author is probably focusing on the road or pathRead MoreRobert Frost : How Many Things Would You Attempt If You Knew You Could Not Fail?1309 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"How many things would you attempt if you knew you could not fail?† – Robert Frost Robert Frost is one of the most successful American poets, he reached a large and diversified readership. His career spanned fifty years, throughout those fifty years he achieved more than the average poet. Frost was born on March 26, 1874 in San Francisco, California. His family moved from Pennsylvania shortly after his parent’s marriage. After his father’s death from tuberculosis he moved with his mother andRead MoreEssay about Analysis of the Poems of Robert Frost1316 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Nothing Gold Can Stay† are just two of many very famous poems, written by none other than Robert Frost. Robert Frost is a poet that is well known for his poetic contributions to nature, as well as his award winning poems. His poetic ability and knowledge make him an extraordinary author. His past; including schooling, family, and the era in which he wrote influenced nearly all of his poems in some way. This very famous poet contributed to the modernism era, had a family

Mark Bittman Analyzed - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1286 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Mark Bittman: Analyzed Mark Bittman, a food journalist, 30-year author, and writer for â€Å"The Minimalist†, a column in the New York Times, explains his views on obesity and other food related issues in his article, â€Å"Why Take Food Seriously? Because Your Life Depends on It†. In the article, Bittman uses specific examples such as personal shout-outs to famous chefs, morbid descriptions, harsh facts, and shocking comparisons between â€Å"then and now† in the food world, emphasizing people’s ignorance along the way to show the way he believes to be wrong. He does this, hoping to guilt readers to correctly grow, distribute, prepare, and ultimately change the way we eat it. Bittman uses the examples of exotic dishes losing their authenticity in his argument to help the reader relate certain topics in order to enlighten the reader to the extinction of the once meaningful meals, forcing guilt. He lists different cuisines that have been introduc ed to America through immigration and gives examples such as â€Å"Tibetan, Cambodian, Ethiopian, and Ecuadorian† (Bittman 780). He does this so people understand where some of these â€Å"exotic† recipes and concoctions come from exactly. He also gives examples of people who have made these â€Å"exotic† dishes accessible to even amateurs, such as, â€Å"Julia Child, Marcella Hazan, and Julie Sahni† (Bittman 780). Bittman refers to these people and places to give the reader an idea of who actually mastered these cuisines and where they’re from so it makes his claim more valid and establishes his authority, which is needed in a good argument—the author must be trustworthy. Once again, he uses specific examples when he writes shout-outs to people who prove his points. For example, Bittman writes, â€Å"European chefs in the United States embraced Asian ingredients (thank you, Jean-Georges Vongerichten)† (Bittman 781). He does thi s to prove to the audience that he does know a lot about his claim, which establishes credibility. In Bittman’s writing, he successfully uses descriptions and details such as uninviting images that catch the reader’s attention to try and relate their behavior to unappealing personas. At one point, he says, â€Å"until the horrible global slop†¦ came to dominate the scene† (Bittman 780). This â€Å"horrible global slop† he refers to, paints a picture in the reader’s head, and ultimately affects the way he/she thinks about that food, by describing it so gruesomely. He also describes â€Å"us† as Americans if we conform to these eating habits by saying, â€Å"just before we all turn into the shake-sucking fatties†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bittman 780). Again, Bittman wants us, the readers, to understand what his claim is, so he uses morbid description to sway us. He refers to us as these â€Å"fatties† for a reason—he wants us to picture ourselves as one of these â€Å"fatties†, knowing that we will not like the image. He hopes that when we, the readers, read that line, we think, â€Å"Man I don’t want to be like that†, and it will be enough to sway our views and persuade us to agree. Using these grossly-descriptive terms is also a way to catch the reader’s attention and generate an emotional appeal. When a reader reads over this article and sees that Bittman has thus far been credible and is describing these people that do the very things he’s arguing against as â€Å"shake-sucking fatties†, he/she will more likely than not picture him/herself as one of them and in turn, will stir up an emotional response, which will affect views and/or decisions in the way Bittman wants. Another tactic used to persuade the audience in Bittman’s artile is his use of facts such as statistics about the truth of what’s happening with this pastime of meaningful cuis ines. People will not only listen to someone who is knowledgeable, but they will believe the knowledgeable person to be correct. Bittman uses his facts as scare tactics to literally scare the reader into believing him. He writes, â€Å"Obesity and its associated lifestyle diseases became news, as did acute illnesses like salmonella and mad cow† (Bittman 781). Bittman says this because he knows that nobody wants salmonella or mad cow, so he slyly combines those diseases with obesity in a way that makes it sound like if you are one of these people who are naive to food and think of it as a fuel source instead of a luxury, then you won’t just suffer from obesity, you could possibly suffer from salmonella or mad cow as well. He also uses these harsh facts to instigate and emotional appeal. For example, he at states, â€Å"It also became clear to everyone who took the time to think that our overconsumption of meat was contributing to the hunger of nearly one billion fellow earthlings† (Bittman 782). By saying this, he generates emotional appeal by making those who â€Å"over consume† feel badly because their overconsumption is ultimately leading to the hunger of one billion other humans. Nobody wants that weight on their shoulders, so those readers that â€Å"over consume† will probably think twice about having five meals a day. Bittman persuades us to side with him by utilizing the shocking comparisons such as comparing the people who are the targets of this argument to unappealing images of people who think about food way too much in order to draw an emotional reaction from the reader, hoping he/she doesn’t want to be compared to such awful things and will change his/her actions. When Bittman compares something related to overeating or food to something awful or gross, that immediately triggers a response from the reader. Why would we want to be associated with something that compares to something awful and gr oss? Exactly, we wouldn’t. Bittman does this because he knows that when someone realizes they are doing something that can be compared with something terrible or disastrous, more often than not, that person will stop doing that something. At another point, Bittman declares, â€Å"This has led many Americans to think as much about food as they do about Survivor or the N. F. L. † (Bittman 782). Bittman knows that there are people out there that live to watch every football game or buy every season of Survivor on DVD, so by him saying that people think about food as much as they think about those two things, people will realize that they think about food ENTIRELY too much, leading to a change of habit or even just an agreement with Bittman. He also compares the cooking and eating life of the 1950’s to that of now, showing that instead of having one predominant person staying around the house to cook, we now consistently go â€Å"out to eat†. According to the latest statistic on obesity, more than one third of the population is either overweight or obese. Bittman constitutes that one result of eating fast food and eating at â€Å"casual dining† chains is a rise in obesity levels, and that we are in an era where traditional cuisines are a dying pastime and that those traditions are pertinent to us as a people. So, putting these facts together, and listening to Bittman’s comparisons, descriptions, and harsh facts, we can derive that either we, as Americans, need to eat less fast food, or change the way we eat. WORKS CITED Works Cited Lunsford, Andrea A. , John J. Ruszkiewicz, and Keith Walters. Why Take Food Seriously? Because Your Life Depends on It. Everythings an Argument: with Readings. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2010. 779-82. Print. WikiAnswers How Many People in the US Are Obese. WikiAnswers The Q Wiki. Answers. com. Web. 12 Sept. 2010. . Works Cited WikiAnswers How Many People in the US Are Obe se. WikiAnswers The Q Wiki. Answers. com. Web. 12 Sept. 2010. . Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Mark Bittman: Analyzed" essay for you Create order

The Works and Influence of Andy Warhol - 1415 Words

The artist is influenced by everything around him. Social changes, economic situation, religion, personal situation, the environment in which he lives. All these factors influence the work of the artist. Many artists have used this influence to represent the society in which they live, creating an artistic archive, which later serves to decrypt the society in which the artist lived. These files consist of pictures, paintings, objects, installations, videos, photographs, books of notes and any work produced by the artist. The problem of memory and the past is undoubtedly central in contemporary art production. The literature is abundant and the practical number, positions, procedures and strategies is such that single enumeration of its variety is almost endless. Aside, of course, debates on the issue of the monument and its relationship to the public memory, usually memory practices swirling in lathe file problem. The file, understood as the work in the space - the display, what has been called the archival aesthetic-, but as a method of work around the question of document. In this sense, it is possible to observe how a large number of artists work directly with objects, images, texts, stories, sounds... documents that pertain to your environment. Indexes, presences real history, that are used, post-produced - by using the notion of Bourriaud-, assembled and integrated in the work, provided through the collection and the deployment of the documentary in theShow MoreRelatedAndy Warhol And His Influence On Art1699 Words   |  7 Pagesusually point out all the classics; van Gogh, da Vinci, Monet, and Picasso. However, even though they are all extremely renowned, Andy Warhol is right up in that list of top guns. His style of art was a major influence on art today; in fact, Andy Warhol is one of the most significant artists of the 20th century. Various famous people come from a modest life and Andy Warhol is one of them. He was born to Slovakian immigrants as Andrew Warhola in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on August 6, 1928. His fatherRead MoreAndy Warhol Essay1572 Words   |  7 PagesAndy Warhol being one of the biggest influences in my work made him the obvious choice for this assignment. I see Warhols influence on the world we live in everyday and strongly believe he helped in creating the pop culture obsession in America. Andy went from rags to riches and defines the American dream. His work has inspired many and continues to be recognized by people throughout the world. Born August 6, 1928 to Andrej and Julia Warhola, Andy was the youngest of three brothers. AndysRead MoreIs Andy Warhol a Genius of Art and Culture?793 Words   |  3 PagesThis research paper studies the graft and career of Andy Warhol and presents the question of whether Warhol should be regarded--as a genius of art or a culture thief. Many credit Andy Warhol with revolutionizing and influencing 20th Century art and culture. However, Although Warhol had a successful and rewarding life; His childhood was nothing less than average. His life was a struggle: As young lad he contracted rheumatic fever and as a result he suffered from neurological problems. His was bornRead MoreAndy Warhols Influence on the Art World Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesWhen I think about interpretation of art I think of Andy Warhol. Andy Warhol’s use of iconography changed not only the art world but the people who came into contact with his art. Once you understand his life and art, you will unders tand his art as a symbolic representation. Andy Warhol (Andrew Warhola) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on August 6, 1928. His parents were Julia and Ondrej Warhola and was the youngest of three boys. Warhol became ill with St. Vitus disease when he was youngerRead MoreAttention Getter : The American Culture1387 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough them. Today I m going to talk about one man that took these concepts into his artistic ability and thereby created a whole new culture in what we see is art today. This man who is considered one of the fathers of pop art goes by the name of Andy Warhol. or When we eat a slice of pizza we tend to wash it down with a bottle of Coke when we re feeling sick we tend to have some Campbell s chicken noodle soup when we think of rock n roll the name Elvis Presley comes to mind and for America sRead MoreWarhol : A Artist And A Prominent Figure Into The Pop Art Movement1300 Words   |  6 PagesAndy Warhol was a multimedia artist and a prominent figure in the Pop Art Movement. Andrew Warhola was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. From 1945 to 1949, Warhola studied at the Carnegie Institute of Technology. In 1949, he moved and settled in New York and changed his surname to Warhol. He then worked as a Commercial artist. In the earlier years of the 1960’s, Warhol enjoyed experimenting with large mass advertisements, magazines, and other images. In 1962, he started working on the Marilyn MonroeRead MoreAndy Warhol s Book Of Etiquette963 Words   |  4 PagesAndy Warhol was born August 6th 1928, in Forest City, Pennsylvania. His family com es from the Austria-Hungary Empire. His father came over from there in 1912 and then sent for his mother to come over here in 1921. Andy graduated from High School in 1945 from Schenley High School in Pittsburgh, PA. He then went onto college and graduated in 1949 from Carnegie-Mellon University. He moved to New York City after college, where he met Tina Fredericks who was an art editor for Glamour magazine. Read MoreAndy Warhol s Influence On Modern Art1561 Words   |  7 Pagesvarious artists studied in the course, Andy Warhol is definitely one of the most influential. Far ahead of his time in thinking and talented in several media forms, Warhol was a product of his time and defined his era with the use of his artwork, giving rise to other artists within the same time period. This paper will argue that Warhol was not only an influence to modern art, he defined the concept of pop art, which combined consumerism and pop culture, creating works that questioned the norm of societyRead MorePop Art As A Form Of Art1014 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant cultural event in history because it showed relatable events an d topics. Andy Warhol is a famous artist in Pop Art history. His original name is Andrew Warhola. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on August 6, 1928. His parents Julia and Ondrej Warhola were immigrants from Rusyn who came to the United States for a better life. Together they had three children, Andy and his two brothers Andy was the youngest. Warhol wasn’t just an artist, he was also a filmmaker. The type of films he made areRead MoreThe Movement Of Pop Art991 Words   |  4 Pagesgod father of this movement is Andy Warhol – the biggest influence on humanity s fixation on visual art. His performance traverses the connection among aesthetic utterance, culture and commercial. By applying various ways of techniques which included silk screen process (for mass production) and colour settlement, Warhol showed to the world of art his perspectives on media, economics and politics. Thus, this paper will analyse the movement of Pop art as well as Andy Warhol‘s artwork: Tomato Campbell’s

Essay about Jane Eyre Obstacles and Love - 1457 Words

Jane Eyre Obstacles and love The novel, Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte is a story about a young orphaned girl and her quest for love. Jane, the young girl searches for love and acceptance through each setting; Gateshead, Lowood, Thornfield, Moor House, and Ferndean. Throughout these points in her life, the maturation and identity recognition of Jane becomes visible. It is only when, Jane flees from Rochester and Thornfield, and spends time at Moor House, that her maturation to womanhood is completed. In this moment, Jane is able to come back to Rochester as an independent woman, knowing that she has a desire to love, and to be loved. If we look at the world, through Janes eyes we see that she is a strong girl who wants to†¦show more content†¦People think you a good woman, but you are bad; hard-hearted. YOU are deceitful! (Bronte, 41). With this statement, Jane marks her first step of independence, stating that she will no longer be a secondary member in her aunts house. At Lowood, a school which Jane is sent away to, she is again given the name of an orphaned, low-life, troublesome girl. Mr. Brocklehurst, the head of the school, exposes her, saying This girl, who might be one of Gods own lambs, is a little castaway: not a member of the true flock, but evidently an interloper and an alien. You must be on your guard against her, you must shun her example: if necessary, avoid her company, exclude her from your sports, and shut her out from your converse. -- This girl is --a liar! (Bronte, 78). Even though Jane feels she is back at step zero, she is comforted by her first true friend, Helen Burns, who is another student at Lowood. Helen teaches Jane that love is in the form of religion. When Mr. Brocklehurst, exposes her in front of the school, she tries to accept it and go on. Jane still longs for human affection and is tremendously hurt with this accusation. Jane tells Helen, If other dont love me, I would rather die than live. (Bronte, 81) Helen tells her that she thinks to much of the love of the human beings. Helen has been Janes rock through the first months of Lowood. When Helen, dies from Typhus, she leaves Jane, saying, that I believe: IShow MoreRelatedThe Night Circus by Erin Morgenstern and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà «1395 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek to find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it.† - Jalalad-din-Rumi The Night Circus by Erin Morgenstern and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà «, both show two people that are fated to meet within forbidden circumstances that should have prevented them from being together but causes them to push against the destiny laid out. Night Circus by Morgenstern shows the main characters, Celia Bowen and Marco Alisdair, slowly developRead MoreWuthering Heights and Jane Eyre Essay809 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Bronte and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte countless comparisons of eternal love can be made. Characters within Wuthering Heights and Jane Eyre overcame the constraints society had upon them, what appeared to be their destinies and characters were able to overcome themselves. These obstacles were lengthy struggles that characters within each novel were faced with and went through immense pain all for love. The love that characters felt for each other was able to conquer all obstacles that they wereRead MoreJane Eyre, The Bluest Eye, And Feminism1422 Words   |  6 Pages2015 Jane Eyre, The Bluest Eye, and Feminism Feminism. It’s a big concept in society today, but has it always been that way? Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is a famous work on the basis of her own experiences. In this novel, the author shapes a tough and independent woman who pursues true love and equality. In the Victorian period, the image of Jane Eyre cast a sharp contrast to the man-dominated society. She stands for a new lady who has the courage to fight for her own rights and love. â€Å"TheRead MoreEssay about Finding the Balance of Love and Freedom in Jane Eyre1339 Words   |  6 PagesSimilar to many of the great feministic novels of its time, Jane Eyre purely emerges as a story focused on the quest for love. The novel’s protagonist, Jane, searches not only for the romantic side of love, but ultimately for a sense of self-worth and independence. Set in the overlapping times of the Victorian and Gothic periods, the novel touches upon both women’s supposed rights, and their inner struggle for liber ty. Orphaned at an early age, Jane was born into a modest lifestyle, without any major parentRead MoreThe Pursuit of Human Freedom in Kate Chopin’s The Awakening and Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre1749 Words   |  7 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s The Awakening and Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre, one of the most prevalent and recurring themes and ideas relates to human freedom. The main characters in the two novels, Edna Pontellier and Jane Eyre, both long for social, religious, and sexual emancipation among other things – freedom from the constraints of Victorian society, which have rendered them dependent and inferior to men. While it is true that both protagonists of their respective novels wanted emancipation, their livingRead MoreJane Eyre s Inner Conflict884 Words   |  4 PagesJane’s Inner Conflict In the novel Jane Eyre, Jane is often taken forced to make life changing decisions. 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Resource Management Affects Work Behavior †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Resource Management Affects Work Behavior? Answer: Introducation Yes, there is ethical dilemma that is faced by Mr. Brockley who is also the executive head of the organization, initially he fired Harry from the organization for developing a software. He did not consider even to investigate the entire issue before even deciding to fire Harry. His action was biased and based on the complaint made by Jill who is the manager of the organization. It is evident from the case study that Brockley favored Jill and hence the fired Harry without even looking at the software of even trying it, or else it would have known about the software and not been told by his senior. In the case study it is found that Brockley considers Harry as Loose Cannon which is also the proof that Brockley has some preconceived notion about Harry. He did not like him much. The owner of the organization has now asked to hire Locksmith. Locksmith is Harry. So ethical dilemma here is that whether he should be hired or not. A leader should not be biased towards its employees, he should not favor one employee more than the others. Here Brockley was not fair because he did not see all his employees equally or else he would have not reacted instantly to the complaint of Jill rather he would have acted wisely and would have given a chance to Harry to keep hi point and have a look at the software which he developed. Leaders should be fair they should act wisely and resolve the conflicts without being judgmental. Here the executive head holding a very dignified position was judgmental and fired Harry but he was proved wrong when one of his superiors asked him to hire Harry again (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). Jill should have seen the software designed by Harry, but she insulted Harry, the leaders should motivate and encourage the innovative ideas of their employees rather than insulting them. Her actions made Brockley fire Harry, when she noticed that Harry was Locksmith and released the software. Even Jill did not motivate or appreciated the program designed by Harry and later decided to fire Harry and her decision got full support from Harry. Both Jill and her boss Brockley have not followed the ethics and encouraged a situation that led Harry to be Locksmith and release his software on the internet using his own resources and time. In every organization it is the duty of the managers to motivate their employees and encourage new ideas and innovation (Shapiro, Stefkovich and Gutierrez 2014). Employees should be given chance to prove their point, termination should not be based on judgments rather the policies of organization regarding termination should be followed. A proper investigat ion was required to be done but none was followed and the decision, which could have been handled in a wiser way, was simply based on preconceived ideas and personal differences (Aswathappa 2013). There are few issues in the case study that had increased the ethical concerns Jill did not motivate his subordinate and insulted Harry. She did not even consider to looking at the software that was designed by Harry. She did not motivate or encouraged his employees it is clear from this case. Brockley was a biased man, he took decision based on the complaint made by Jill. He did not do his investigation. The process of termination within an organization involves a procedure to that is required to be followed by the managers of the organization. Firing Harry without any investigation and not encouraging his ideas raises ethical concerns, the resulting harm of this particular action was that later the superior of Brockley asked him to hire Locksmith. The superior does not know that Locksmith was one of the employees of the organization, if he comes to know it then both Jill and Brockley would be in trouble for firing a valuable asset of the organization. Even their jobs might be at risk for their action (Marchington et al. 2016). The stakeholders involved here are Step II The major ethical dilemma in this particular case study is the termination of Harry which was not followed by any procedures of the organization and was based on the biasness of Brockley, the Executive head of the organization. The harm was caused to the organization because they lost a very valuable asset. If the firing was not done then no one would have been harmed rather they would have gained profit and the issues with the network of the organization would have been resolved. Not firing Harry and hiring him once again would be the most ethical thing for Brockley to do at this point of time. If Harry is hired once again the organization will benefit. If Harry is hired then there will be problem for Jill and Brockley, both of them might even lose their jobs. The option of hiring Harry once again would be beneficial for the organization and might happen that if Brockley admits his mistakes he is hired once again in the organization. It is the right of the employee to know his mistake before he is fired. The employees have the right to present their ideas in the organization. The neglected duties in the whole case were that Harry was not him encouraged to provide his ideas to the organization and was fired without any reason explained to him. If Harry were hired then Brockley and Jill would be treated with disrespect (Shen and Benson 2016). If Harry is not hired it would be disrespect for him and Brockley would also be treated with disrespect by his superior because he had been commanded to hire Harry. Hiring Harry should be preferred because it would be beneficial for the organization. If Harry is hired Brockley and Jill would be treated like others. If Harry is not hired Brockley and Jill perhaps might be appreciated with respect and treated unlike others (Friedman and Kahn 2013). The alternative to choose Harry once again is beneficial. The whole organization will be benefitted if Harry is hired once again in FABIO. Yes, Brockley and Jill will be benefitted because their unethical action of firing Harry would not be known but it might happen that later if the owner puts too much emphasis on hiring Harry (Durkheim, 2013). The final decision should be to hire Harry once again in the organization so that there are minimum the organization benefits, if Brockley and Jill accepts their mistakes now they will face very less penalties. Steps for making defensible ethical decision References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Aswathappa, K., 2013.Human resource management: Text and cases. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Durkheim, E., 2013.Professional ethics and civic morals. Routledge. Friedman, B. and Kahn Jr, P.H., 2013. Human values, ethics, and design.The human-computer interaction handbook, pp.1177-1201. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R. and Kynighou, A., 2016.Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Shapiro, J.P., Stefkovich, J.A. and Gutierrez, K.J., 2014. Ethical decision making.Handbook of ethical educational leadership, pp.210-228. Shen, J. and Benson, J., 2016. When CSR is a social norm: How socially responsible human resource management affects employee work behavior.Journal of Management,42(6), pp.1723-1746.

Organisational Changes And Developmenvt - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Organisational Changes And Development. Answer: Introduction Organizational change and development occurs only when a company moves from the present state to a developed state in the future which helps in increasing effectiveness. Change usually happens due to pressure from both external and internal forces in the organization, it usually affects the whole company. A company while trying to bring in development and change looks to increase the output but also tries to cut down on costs and expenses. As an external agent therefore I need to address a few key issues so that a University can see a major organizational change. There are three key areas which have been identified as areas for improvement. Firstly, it is about the environmental sustainability, errors in databases and communication[2]. Environmental sustainability Reducing printing cost The cost of printing is very often overlooked but it is one of the higher expenses in a university. This cost is unmonitored almost always resulting in needless expenditure. To address the issue a print management software like Papercut can be installed. The software if installed can track the amount of materials that have been printed. It helps in about 50 percent reduction in print volume. The software also helps keep documents secure and confidential. Another option can be to reduce colour printing as it is five times more expensive than black and white[3]. There can also be a secure pull printing where students do not have to print from different printers but can instead send their files to a network queue from which they can walk up and print anytime. Also, PDFs are the latest ways to reduce printing cost where large documents can be compressed and send via email to students. This can be done in case of lectures or books. PDFs also gives one access to the documents anytime and a nywhere. Therefore if a student fails to get a particular document to university he or she will always have the PDF to fall back on. Reducing Water Consumption First of all to reduce water consumption in a University one has to target leaks, fix them and then introduce water efficient technology[4]. These can include dual flash and sensor based toilets, low-flow shower heads, auto-shutoff mechanisms in sinks and basins[5]. Equipments like dishwashers, sprayers, steam cookers should also be used which reduce water consumption. Like in many other Universities including the one in Boston, rain water harvesting can also be done. In this type rain water is collected in large tanks which can be then used for flushing in toilets[6]. Elimination of trays in the dining hall can also reduce water consumption considerably and the university can save around 30,000 gallons of water per week. Awareness is also an issue and students ideally have to be reminded of things, therefore Save Water signs in washrooms can also help a great deal in reducing water consumption. Reducing energy consumption Energy consumption or otherwise electricity bills are another major area of concern for Universities. Usually the authorities and students need to be smart if they are to cut down on the expenses. First of all they can resort to day light harvesting. In day light harvesting classroom windows can be kept open and light turned off[7]. In Universities especially Zone Scheduling can be done too where lighting in definite sections of a building can be shut down or reduced on a schedule. In the classrooms occupancy sensors can be installed which detect infrared and motion signatures and adjusts light settings accordingly. Also the kind of lights that are being used should be looked into and LEDs should be installed of the same power so that it helps in cost reduction. Besides these, there can be processes like After-Hours Override which allow temporary changes in light settings after usual work hours at the University. A central monitoring and control can also be set up from where maintena nce staff can control and monitor the buildings of the university from different consoles[8]. Lastly, a holiday scheduling can be done where lighting can be controlled for classrooms, lecture hall, theatres or labs for the year ensuring that during holidays the lights do not run in occupied mode. Errors in databases Students and Employee Records Errors in maintaining a student record are always difficult to prevent. However, in a University is it very necessary as it concerns the future of a student. First of all the computers in which the databases and records of students are stored should be tuned regularly so that they perform smoothly. The files need to have a back up and then a maintenance check can be done. While maintaining the databases one can delete unnecessary files or files relating to duplicacy. Software like Oracle and Amazon DB also help in maintaining databases without glitches. Maintaining a database manually can get difficult at times and is more prone to errors. The same steps can be taken to maintain the records of employees of the University. The employees are an integral part of the institution and there should not be any discrepancies regarding their databases. Financial records These records too are extremely important to the University and should be maintained properly without errors. One small problem with figures can lead to bigger problems like excessive expenditure for the University and thus it should be avoided at all cost. Thus to keep an error free financial database one needs to keep the right kind of records with the right labeling. The records have to clearly document every income and expenditure. One has to attach supporting documents like invoices, bills, sales slips, cancelled checks and deposit slips in an organized way[9]. Gone are the days when business and educational institutions alike used to manually calculate the incomes and expenditures. Nowadays there are a lot of accounting software which help cut down the errors. Online software like Wave and Quickbooks have almost helped in minimizing risks in financial accounting to zero percent. These two types of software can be used instead of Tally in the University finance section and therefore it can help reduce the errors. Improving Communication between Departments The communication between departments is an issue in Universities as they do not have the same subject to talk about unlike in an office where everybody is working towards attaining the same goal. To create a cohesive environment between the students one should first identify what each department needs every day. Such information might range from books in the libraries, e books for kindle or even answer sheets. There should be an internal blog of the university where these things can then be put up along with the necessities of other departments. These help the departments come together on a single platform. The blog also helps the departments with a transparent two way communication channel. The communication can also be improved with the help of written communication like one Head of Department writing to another inviting him and the students to attend a seminar[10]. The Deans can also write to each other and to the students congratulating them on some new found successes. Improving communication between employees and management Relationships can seldom thrive without proper communication which is quite crucial for happiness and success. Therefore a proper communication process has to be established between the management and the employees. Check in with employees is a must, so that they can discuss the work they have at hand and the whole organization as a whole. Employees want to be heard and they are quite upbeat about sharing their opinions. The employees need to feel comfortable in their positions. It is not an easy task to improve a thing if one does not know what are the negatives. Communication techniques such as phone calls, text messages, in person communications and email all serve valuable purposes. Email might not be the perfect way to strike conversations with some one. Therefore, again there is a need of social intranet software. There should also be an Open Door Policy where professors should not feel uncomfortable in approaching the Deans or the Head of the Departments[11]. The professors or any employees for that matter might not feel at ease to share some experiences with their immediate bosses and thus there is always a need for the Open Door policy. Improving communications between peers Cultural fests and fetes are the best ways of having students interact with each other which is very necessary in a University. These can be staged twice a year to increase interaction. Also the social medias should be used for it too. This is a common platform where employees and students alike can share, like and comment interesting facts about the university[12]. A social intranet software can also be used where students can share their area of interest with one another to have meaningful conversations. Conclusion Thus to bring in change and development in the university the above plans need to be executed. Some are already in process which needs to be tweaked a bit if possible. Others have to be implemented if the university wants to cut down on the expenses and also improve the communication between students, employees and management. References Bero, B, E Doerry, R Middleton, C Meinhardt, "Challenges in the development of environmental management systems on the modern university campus.". in International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 13, 2012, 133-149. Knapp, M, J Hall, Nonverbal Communication. in , Berlin, De Gruyter, 2013. Linvill, D, S McGee, L Hicks, "Colleges and universities use of Twitter: A content analysis.". in Public Relations Review, 38, 2012, 636-638. Macknick, J, R Newmark, G Heath, K Hallett, "Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: a review of existing literature.". in Environmental Research Letters, 7, 2012, 045802. Mattie, J, N Shelmon, J McCarthy, Financial and accounting guide for not-for-profit organizations. in , Hoboken, N.J., Wiley, 2013. Moldan, B, S Janoukov, T Hk, "How to understand and measure environmental sustainability: Indicators and targets.". in Ecological Indicators, 17, 2012, 4-13. Pitsis, T, A Simpson, E Dehlin, Handbook of organizational and managerial innovation. in , Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2014. Ranney, J, W Troop-Gordon, "Problem-focused discussions in digital contexts: The impact of information and communication technologies on conversational processes and experiences.". in Computers in Human Behavior, 51, 2015, 64-74. Tibbits, S, "Printing Products.". in 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 3, 2016, 135-135. Wang, X, J Linnartz, "Intelligent illuminance control in a dimmable LED lighting system.". in Lighting Research Technology, 49, 2016, 603-617. Ward, S, F Memon, D Butler, "Performance of a large building rainwater harvesting system.". in Water Research, 46, 2012, 5127-5134. Watanabe, M, M Ikeuchi, "Phycobilisome: architecture of a light-harvesting supercomplex.". in Photosynthesis Research, 116, 2013, 265-276. [1] T Pitsis, A Simpson E Dehlin, Handbook of organizational and managerial innovation, in , Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2014. [2] B Moldan, S Janoukov T Hk, "How to understand and measure environmental sustainability: Indicators and targets", in Ecological Indicators, vol. 17, 2012, 4-13. [3] S Tibbits, "Printing Products", in 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, vol. 3, 2016, 135-135. [4] J Macknick et al., "Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: a review of existing literature", in Environmental Research Letters, vol. 7, 2012, 045802. [5] B Bero et al., "Challenges in the development of environmental management systems on the modern university campus", in International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, vol. 13, 2012, 133-149. [6] S Ward, F Memon D Butler, "Performance of a large building rainwater harvesting system", in Water Research, vol. 46, 2012, 5127-5134. [7] M Watanabe M Ikeuchi, "Phycobilisome: architecture of a light-harvesting supercomplex", in Photosynthesis Research, vol. 116, 2013, 265-276. [8] X Wang J Linnartz, "Intelligent illuminance control in a dimmable LED lighting system", in Lighting Research Technology, vol. 49, 2016, 603-617. [9] J Mattie, N Shelmon J McCarthy, Financial and accounting guide for not-for-profit organizations, in , Hoboken, N.J., Wiley, 2013. [10] J Ranney W Troop-Gordon, "Problem-focused discussions in digital contexts: The impact of information and communication technologies on conversational processes and experiences", in Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 51, 2015, 64-74. [11] M Knapp J Hall, Nonverbal Communication, in , Berlin, De Gruyter, 2013. [12] D Linvill, S McGee L Hicks, "Colleges and universities use of Twitter: A content analysis", in Public Relations Review, vol. 38, 2012, 636-638.

A Wizard Of EarthseA Essay Analysis Essay Example

A Wizard Of EarthseA Essay Analysis Paper Essay on â€Å"A Wizard of Earthsea† Interesting trilogy will, perhaps, not so much for children as for adults, which has long been boring to read about the endless wanderings, the philosophy of the search of his â€Å"I† of the tensions between the characters. More precisely, the book is not interesting modern children, for the future generation can not claim. For the child is too heavy feeding and little attractive for The orderly plot. More to their liking Harry Potter I -. A great kid. Not modern, but my book is not brought into raptures. In simple terms – the idea was good, but the implementation has pumped For those who have not read.. Ursula K. Le Guin has created a seemingly simple book in the style of fantasy, about wizards, dragons, travel, battles and solving puzzles. It seems to be like everyone else, nothing new. But inside, the author tried to teach the reader how to live in harmony with the whole universe, not even being a wizard. Quite openly, she said that every little molecule of which includes everything in the world – is an important part of the infinite life of the mechanism. The book teaches us to think about the consequences and understand what constitutes a global balance. To live in the â€Å"first demand† state, as I call it. No frills, and to the extent possible. And then everything will be fine †¦ â€Å"A Wizard of Earthsea† Review â€Å"A Wizard of Earthsea† Review â€Å"A Wizard of Earthsea† Review We will write a custom essay sample on A Wizard Of EarthseA Essay Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Wizard Of EarthseA Essay Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Wizard Of EarthseA Essay Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Of course, dear Ursula K. Le Guin is not the first one to explain or at least tries to explain such important questions. And this trilogy was written quite a while already. Perhaps the phrase â€Å"Times have changed,† not so deceitful. But! .. Fantasy, in my opinion, this is not the genre in which it is necessary to go into such deep thoughts. Perhaps the moral and ethical problems of coexistence of man and the universe, it is better demonstrates the science fiction, well, or just fiction, I do not share them too. And it was she who has the greatest influence on the minds of readers. A Wizard Of EarthseA Essay Sample Because the method of â€Å"do not tear this flower because it tiny, but very important piece of our world and its fragile stalk supports important for all of us a balance in the universe!† Already does not work. And it works: â€Å"You have destroyed a poisonous flower that had to eat out the dinosaur, because of which subsequently died triblablazavry that their faeces was maintained soil fertility, due to the death of which we now can not grow food on the land and create it from the tubes †¦ â€Å"Phew †¦. Bradbury who read, will understand what I mean. fantasy genre owes more to entertain than to teach. Confrontation between good and evil. Here is a suitable subject for fantasy! Fight for your love, too, will fit! And no deeper. My opinion. Otherwise out some tedious tale with a claim to the moral and ethical morals. And then it turns out neither one nor the other. But what conclusion I would not do, and the writer received the award and is recognized as a classic in its genre †¦ For it to her honor and praise. To summarize †¦ began to read avidly, finished with great tension. But the trilogy can be read as a whole, and individually in each story. Perhaps after reading experience will be very different.

Military Personal Discipline Free Essay Samples - Do You Know How It Works?

Military Personal Discipline Free Essay Samples - Do You Know How It Works?Military personal discipline free essay samples will give you the tips on how to write well. This is also a great idea for your personal essays, since it will get you ready for the war to come. As this is a part of your job you must be disciplined and must have the capabilities to think and do the right thing.First of all you must know what military personal discipline means. This is a guideline that comes from military people. There are rules that every soldier has to follow in order to be efficient. When this is applied in real life there are people who disobey these rules and that is the point where you become a mistake.People who are enlisted in the military are expected to perform the best in everything they do. There are certain orders that must be adhered to and if you don't, then you will become a mistake. People who are conscientious will not have any problem with such rules, however those who are not really are in trouble.You must know that the military personal discipline and the laws of the land came from the church and they are still in effect today. They are the people who must be obedient and obey the laws. The same applies to your essays as well.There are writers who are good at writing and you are not anymore because if you do not follow the instructions on the writing that you do will look bad. That is why the idea behind military personal discipline is so important.There are several essays that you can use when writing your essay samples. There are many essay samples that you can use and you must find out which one suits you best. There are lots of sample essays that you can use and you will see that they will benefit you.These free essay samples are good for beginners since it gives them the knowledge about writing and how it should be done. When you are preparing for the competition, you must be able to write your essay well. One good idea that will help you is using military personal discipline free essay samples.

The Battle of Germantown in the American Revolution

The Battle of Germantown in the American Revolution The Battle of Germantown took place during the 1777 Philadelphia Campaign of the American Revolution (1775-1783). Fought less than a month after the British victory at the Battle of the Brandywine (September 11), the Battle of Germantown took place on October 4, 1777, outside the city of Philadelphia. Armies Commanders Americans General George Washington11,000 men British General Sir William Howe9,000 men The Philadelphia Campaign In the spring of 1777, Major General John Burgoyne set forth a plan for defeating the Americans. Convinced that New England was the heart of the rebellion, he intended to cut the region off from the other colonies by advancing down the Lake Champlain-Hudson River corridor while a second force, led by Colonel Barry St. Leger, moved east from Lake Ontario and down the Mohawk River. Meeting at Albany, Burgoyne and St. Leger would press down the Hudson towards New York City. It was his hope that General Sir William Howe, the British commander-in-chief in North America, would move up the river to aid his advance. Though given approval by Colonial Secretary Lord George Germain, Howes role in the scheme was never clearly defined and issues of his seniority precluded Burgoyne from issuing him orders. While Germain had given his consent for Burgoynes operation, he had also approved a plan submitted by Howe which called for the capture of the American capital at Philadelphia. Giving his own operation preference, Howe commenced preparations for striking southwest.   Ruling out marching overland, he coordinated with the Royal Navy and made plans to move against Philadelphia by sea. Leaving a small force under Major General Henry Clinton at New York, he embarked 13,000 men on transports and sailed south. Entering the Chesapeake Bay, the fleet sailed north and the army came ashore at Head of Elk, MD on August 25, 1777. In position with 8,000 Continentals and 3,000 militia to defend the capital, American commander General George Washington dispatched units to track and harass Howes army. After initial skirmishing at Coochs Bridge near Newark, DE on September 3, Washington formed a defensive line behind the Brandywine River. Moving against the Americans, Howe opened the the Battle of Brandywine on September 11, 1777. As the fighting progressed, he employed similar flanking tactics to those used at Long Island the previous year and was able to drive the Americans from the field. Following their victory at Brandywine, British forces under Howe captured the colonial capital of Philadelphia. Unable to prevent this, Washington moved the Continental Army to a position along Perkiomen Creek between Pennypackers Mills and Trappe, PA, approximately 30 miles northwest of the city. Concerned about the American army, Howe left a garrison of 3,000 men in Philadelphia and moved with 9,000 to Germantown. Five miles from the city, Germantown provided the British with a position to block the approaches to the city. Washingtons Plan Alerted to Howes movement, Washington saw an opportunity to strike a blow against the British while he had numerical superiority. Meeting with his officers, Washington developed a complicated attack plan which called for four columns to hit the British simultaneously. If the assault proceeded as planned, it would lead to the British being caught in a double envelopment. At Germantown, Howe formed his main defensive line along the Schoolhouse and Church Lanes with Hessian Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausen commanding the left and Major General James Grant leading the right. On the evening of October 3, Washingtons four columns moved out. The plan called for Major General Nathanael Greene to lead a strong column against the British right, while Washington led a force down the main Germantown Road. These attacks were to be supported by columns of militia which were to strike the British flanks. All of the American forces were to be in position â€Å"precisely at 5 o’clock with charged bayonets and without firing.† As at Trenton the previous December, it was Washingtons goal to take the British by surprise. Problems Arise Marching through the darkness, communications quickly broke down between the American columns and two were behind schedule. In the center, Washingtons men arrived as scheduled, but hesitated as there was no word from the other columns. This was largely due to the fact that Greenes men and the militia, led by General William Smallwood, had become lost in the darkness and heavy morning fog. Believing that Greene was in position, Washington ordered the attack to commence. Led by Major General John Sullivans division, Washingtons men moved to engage British pickets in the hamlet of Mount Airy. American Advance In heavy fighting, Sullivans men forced the British to retreat back towards Germantown. Falling back, six companies (120 men) of the 40th Foot, under Colonel Thomas Musgrave, fortified the stone home of Benjamin Chew, Cliveden, and prepared to make a stand. Fully deploying his men, with Sullivans division on the right and Brigadier General Anthony Waynes on the left, Washington bypassed Cliveden and pushed on through the fog towards Germantown. Around this time, the militia column assigned to attack the British left arrived and briefly engaged von Knyphausens men before withdrawing. Reaching the Cliveden with his staff, Washington was convinced by Brigadier General Henry Knox that such a strongpoint could not be left in their rear. As a result, Brigadier General William Maxwells reserve brigade was brought up to storm the house. Supported by Knoxs artillery, Maxwells men made several futile assaults against Musgraves position. At the front, Sullivan and Waynes men were exerting heavy pressure on the British center when Greenes men finally arrived on the field. The British Recover After pushing British pickets out of Lukens Mill, Greene advanced with Major General Adam Stephens division on the right, his own division in the center, and Brigadier General Alexander McDougalls brigade on the left. Moving through the fog, Greenes men began to roll up the British right. In the fog, and perhaps because he was intoxicated, Stephen and his men erred and veered right, encountering Waynes flank and rear. Confused in the fog, and thinking that they had found the British, Stephens men opened fire. Waynes men, who were in the midst of an attack, turned and returned fire. Having been attacked from the rear and hearing the sound of Maxwells assault on Cliveden, Waynes men began to fall back believing they were about to be cut off. With Waynes men retreating, Sullivan was forced to withdraw as well. Along with Greenes line of advance, his men were making good progress but soon became unsupported as McDougalls men wandered away to the left. This opened Greenes flank to attacks from the Queens Rangers. Despite this, the 9th Virginia managed to make it to Market Square in the center of Germantown. Hearing the cheers of the Virginians through the fog, the British quickly counterattacked and captured most of the regiment. This success, coupled with the arrival of reinforcements from Philadelphia led by Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis led to a general counterattack all along the line. Learning that Sullivan had retreated, Greene ordered his men to disengage retreat ending the battle. The Aftermath of the Battle The defeat at Germantown cost Washington 1,073 killed, wounded, and captured. British losses were lighter and numbered 521 killed and wounded. The loss ended American hopes of recapturing Philadelphia and forced Washington to fall back and regroup. In the wake of the Philadelphia Campaign, Washington and the army went into winter quarters at Valley Forge. Though beaten at Germantown, American fortunes changed later that month with the key victory at the Battle of Saratoga when Burgoynes thrust south was defeated and his army captured.